When we apply a DC voltage to a discharged capacitor, it appears as a short circuit for an instant as the magnetic and electric fields start to form between its plates. Capacitors in DC CircuitsĬapacitors are, at their most basic function, a device that stores a microscopic magnetic field between its plates. A farad is defined as one coulomb of charge on each plate, resulting in a voltage of one volt across the terminals. Because the plates in a capacitor are very close together, they can store a large amount of energy for their overall size.Ĭapacitors are quantified in units of farads. The result is that the plates have equal and opposite charges and thus, maintain an electric field. When we apply a voltage to one terminal of the capacitor, the electrons on one plate will impose a force on the opposite plate to create an opposite charge. Capacitors are made of two metallic plates that are separated by an electrical insulator. What Is a Capacitor?Ī capacitor is a two-terminal electronic component that stores energy. There’s no doubt that these are advanced concepts, but even a basic understanding of how capacitors and inductors work is fundamental to a thorough understanding of mobile electronics systems. As we move toward the end of our discussion of car audio electrical theory, we need to talk about capacitance and inductance and how the characteristics of those phenomena interact with AC and DC signals.
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